Rh factor - is an antigen contained in red blood cells. For the first time the substance was discovered by Australian scientists Karl Landsteiner and American scholars, AS Wiener Blood Monkey "rhesus monkeys, it is this animal antigen owes its name.
Rh factor (a protein) is located on the surface of red blood cells, red blood cells. Its presence or absence determines their belonging to the Rh-positive (about 85% of the population) or Rh-negative group (10-15% of the population).
Blood "Rh positive" and "Rh negative" people is not compatible. After contact with rhesus
factor in the blood, "Rh-negative" human antigen causes the formation of antibodies that can result in such severe condition as anaphylactic shock (one of the most dangerous and challenging complications of drug allergy, ending at about 10-20% of cases lethal).
Reckon with the Rh-factor we have only two cases: when a blood transfusion and pregnancy. In the first case, we can avoid complications, pouring blood, respectively, and each group and Rh factor.
But during pregnancy is much more serious. True, the probability of Rh-conflict pregnancy occurs, if the expectant mother Rh-negative, and the future Pope Rh-positive and the child inherits the Rh-positive gene from the father.
The cause of Rhesus-conflict is the incompatibility of maternal blood and fetal Rh-factor. When Rh-positive red blood cells enter the bloodstream of the child Rh-negative mother, her body perceives fetal red blood cells as foreign and reacts to the production of antibodies. At first pregnancy (and sometimes on second), their concentration in blood is relatively low and the embryo develops without experiencing harmful effects of these antibodies.
In future pregnancies are quite different: the concentration of antibodies more and more increasing, due to the small size they are able to freely cross the placenta into the bloodstream of the fetus, their action is aimed at eliminating erythrocytes baby. Red blood cells are destroyed, and the child develops hemolytic disease, anemia (anemia), as well as edema, liver damage, heart and brain.
To this complication has not occurred after childbirth and abortion Rh-negative women within 72 hours (preferably during the first two hours), be sure to enter a special immunoglobulin that does not allow to produce antibodies to Rh antigen. In the case of an ectopic pregnancy or abortion, it is administered immediately after surgery. Failure to comply with terms of the introduction effect of the drug to be ineffective.
Unfortunately, the immune globulin is only effective against Rh-antigen "D", but there are also other types, so the absolute guarantee of the immunological conflict there.
If the expectant mother stood on the record before the 12th week of pregnancy, doctors are finding out remaining in her body antibodies from previous pregnancies. Re-inspection is performed at the 25 th and 36 th week. If antibodies are detected, the woman referred for consultation in the Perinatal Center, where qualified professionals decide how to continue to pregnancy and childbirth. Also in need of counseling all women who have a previous birth infants suffered hemolytic disease of any kind.
Expectant mothers, remember: it is always easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, before the planned first pregnancy, take care of your kids - find out what your spouse and rhesus origin.
If a husband and wife are both "negative", that means no risk - a child born of the same. It happens that the Rh-positive husband, both genes are present - and the plus and minus. Then the probability of birth Rh-positive baby in a "negative" mother - a fifty-fifty. If the Pope - the support of two Rh-positive genes, the child will always have a positive Rh factor is the probability of the immunological conflict with the "negative" mother.
Health to you and your baby!
Rh factor (a protein) is located on the surface of red blood cells, red blood cells. Its presence or absence determines their belonging to the Rh-positive (about 85% of the population) or Rh-negative group (10-15% of the population).
Blood "Rh positive" and "Rh negative" people is not compatible. After contact with rhesus
factor in the blood, "Rh-negative" human antigen causes the formation of antibodies that can result in such severe condition as anaphylactic shock (one of the most dangerous and challenging complications of drug allergy, ending at about 10-20% of cases lethal).
Reckon with the Rh-factor we have only two cases: when a blood transfusion and pregnancy. In the first case, we can avoid complications, pouring blood, respectively, and each group and Rh factor.
But during pregnancy is much more serious. True, the probability of Rh-conflict pregnancy occurs, if the expectant mother Rh-negative, and the future Pope Rh-positive and the child inherits the Rh-positive gene from the father.
The cause of Rhesus-conflict is the incompatibility of maternal blood and fetal Rh-factor. When Rh-positive red blood cells enter the bloodstream of the child Rh-negative mother, her body perceives fetal red blood cells as foreign and reacts to the production of antibodies. At first pregnancy (and sometimes on second), their concentration in blood is relatively low and the embryo develops without experiencing harmful effects of these antibodies.
In future pregnancies are quite different: the concentration of antibodies more and more increasing, due to the small size they are able to freely cross the placenta into the bloodstream of the fetus, their action is aimed at eliminating erythrocytes baby. Red blood cells are destroyed, and the child develops hemolytic disease, anemia (anemia), as well as edema, liver damage, heart and brain.
To this complication has not occurred after childbirth and abortion Rh-negative women within 72 hours (preferably during the first two hours), be sure to enter a special immunoglobulin that does not allow to produce antibodies to Rh antigen. In the case of an ectopic pregnancy or abortion, it is administered immediately after surgery. Failure to comply with terms of the introduction effect of the drug to be ineffective.
Unfortunately, the immune globulin is only effective against Rh-antigen "D", but there are also other types, so the absolute guarantee of the immunological conflict there.
If the expectant mother stood on the record before the 12th week of pregnancy, doctors are finding out remaining in her body antibodies from previous pregnancies. Re-inspection is performed at the 25 th and 36 th week. If antibodies are detected, the woman referred for consultation in the Perinatal Center, where qualified professionals decide how to continue to pregnancy and childbirth. Also in need of counseling all women who have a previous birth infants suffered hemolytic disease of any kind.
Expectant mothers, remember: it is always easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, before the planned first pregnancy, take care of your kids - find out what your spouse and rhesus origin.
If a husband and wife are both "negative", that means no risk - a child born of the same. It happens that the Rh-positive husband, both genes are present - and the plus and minus. Then the probability of birth Rh-positive baby in a "negative" mother - a fifty-fifty. If the Pope - the support of two Rh-positive genes, the child will always have a positive Rh factor is the probability of the immunological conflict with the "negative" mother.
Health to you and your baby!
No comments:
Post a Comment